Abstract

A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON THE DESIGN AND OPERATION OF ENZYMATIC PART OF BIOSENSORS

Ansa Khalid*, Sikander Ali and Zahid Hussain

Abstract

A biosensor is defined as a self-contained analytical device that combines a biological component with a physiochemical device for the detection of an analyte of biological importance. A biosensor is made up of two main components, the first one is a biological component and the second one is a transducer. When the interactions develop between the analyte of interest and the biological component, the transducer produces a digital electronic signal, which is proportional to the substance’s concentration. Enzyme-based biosensors are developed on the base of biological recognition. The use of enzyme as biological recognition components in biosensors was very prominent due to their marketable accessibility or for the advantage of purification and isolation from various sources. Enzymatic biosensors have many advantages like they have a quick response, high specificity, and easy to be constructed. Biosensors have many uses in numerous fields of research. Biosensors are used to measure the freshness of food items, to examine the environmental pollutants, to detect the drug residues in veterinary items, to detect cancer cells and to check the food quality.

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