Abstract

A REVIEW ON THE NOVEL CORONA VIRUS: ITS HISTORY, ROUTE OF TRANSMISSION, DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND CONTROL

Abhik Das, Riya Saikia* and Ankita Khataniar

Abstract

Objective: In December 2019, there was a sudden onset of a new type of viral pneumonia cases in Wuhan, Hubei Province. A newly encountered virus, it was named ―2019 novel coronavirus (later renamed SARS-CoV-2)‖ by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 12 January 2020. This virus caused a respiratory disease which was never experienced before and it held the capacity of spreading the infection widely and quickly without responding to any treatment and control manual, thereby swiftly gaining the world’s attention. This review will emphasize on signs and symptoms of the infected patients, host and reservoir of the virus, route of transmission, etiology and pathogenesis. It also focuses on the preventive measures, diagnosis, treatment and control of the SARS-CoV-2. Method: The genetic aspect of the virus, the incidence rates, the data of patients who were infected or showed symptoms of the infection were considered. In addition, the history and incidence of the outbreak has been closely looked upon. Result: A comprehensive study on the percentages of infection and safety guidelines along the treatment plans has been reported in this review. Conclusion: Over the past few months, SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in a severe respiratory disease which had never been experienced before in terms of its potential of widely and rapidly spreading the infections. Even though some treatment plans and therapies have been developed to control the risks associated with the disease, they come with various challenges too. Hence, further research is an urgent necessity to effectively control the risk associated with the infections caused by SARS-CoV- 2.

Keywords: 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), Infectious diseases, Pneumonia, Respiratory disease.