Abstract

WOUND HEALING EFFECT OF MAMSAROHINI (Soymida febrifuga A Juss.) IN THE MANAGEMENT OF VRUNA (WOUND): A SYSTEMATIC CLASSICAL, PHYTOCHEMICAL, PHARMACOLOGICAL AND CLINICAL EVIDENCE REVIEW

Dr. Shashidhar V. Emmi, Dr. Kumar Chaudappalavar, Dr. G. S. Prajna*

Abstract

Background: Vruna (wound) management is one of the most ancient and systematically developed domains of Ayurvedic Shalya Tantra (surgery), with Sushruta Samhita dedicating an entire Dvivraniya Adhyaya (chapter on two types of wounds) to its pathogenesis, classification, and treatment Mamsarohini (Soymida febrifuga A. Juss, Family: Meliaceae) classified as a principal Vrunaropana (wound-healing) dravya across Charaka, Sushruta, and multiple Nighantus has received significant contemporary scientific attention for its multimechanistic wound-healing pharmacology. Despite this established classical and experimental evidence base, a comprehensive systematic review integrating classical textual, phytochemical, pharmacological, and clinical dimensions is lacking in international literature. Objective: To systematically review the classical Ayurvedic textual evidence, botanical profile, phytochemical constituents, molecular mechanisms of wound healing, classical formulations, clinical evidence, quality standardisation parameters, and safety profile of Mamsarohini in Vruna management with special reference to wound healing. Materials and Methods: Classical Ayurvedic texts (Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Hridayam, Bhavaprakasha Nighantu, Dhanvantarı Nighantu, Raja Nighantu, Chakradatta, Sharangadhara Samhita), botanical taxonomic databases, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, AYUSH Research Portal, DHARA, Google Scholar, and pharmacognostic literature were systematically searched. Results: Mamsarohini bark contains a rich and pharmacologically active phytochemical matrix including limonoids (rohitukine, swietenolide), triterpenoids (ursolic acid, lupeol, B-sitosterol), tannins (ellagic acid, gallic acid, 450-650 mg GAE/g), flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin), coumarins (scopoletin), and minerals (zinc, calcium). These constituents collectively address all four phases of wound healing: haemostasis (tannin-protein film formation), inflammation: (NF-κB/COX-2/5-LOX inhibition), proliferation (fibroblast migration via TGF-VERK1/2, angiogenesis via VEGF, collagen synthesis via TGF-β/Smad2/3, re-epithelialisation via PI3K/Akt), and re modelling (lysyl oxidase support, MMP balance), Broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against wound pathogens (MIC 62.5-500 μg/ml) prevents wound infection from impeding healing. Clinical studies demonstrate 40-78% faster wound healing, significant reduction in wound area and infection, and favourable safety profiles. Conclusion: Mamsarohini (Soymida febrifuga A.Juss) represents a pharmacologically validated, multi-mechanistic wound-healing agent with applications spanning all wound types- acute surgical, chronic non-healing, infected/Dushta Vruna, and diabetic ulcers. Its phytochemical profile provides simultaneous antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, pro-proliferative, and remodelling support, making it a superior natural wound care alternative or complement to synthetic dressings. Standardised extract formulations, clinical RCTs with validated wound assessment tools, and pharmacokinetic profiling are recommended to consolidate its evidence base for international adoption.

Keywords: Soymida febrifuga, Vruna, Wound Healing, Vranaropana, Rohitukine, Shalya Tantra.