Abstract

GUDAVIDRADHI IN AYURVEDA: DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF PERIANAL ABSCESS

Dr. Gaurav Kumar Sharma*, Dr. Rajesh Kumar Gupta, Dr. Govind Meghvanshi, Dr. Piyush Sharma

Abstract

Perianal abscess is a common anorectal condition caused by infection of the anal glands, resulting in the accumulation of pus in the perianal tissues. It typically presents with severe anal pain, swelling, erythema, tenderness, and fever. Prompt treatment is essential to prevent complications such as recurrent abscesses, fistula-in-ano, and systemic infection. The standard treatment in modern medicine is incision and drainage (I&D), which provides immediate evacuation of pus and relief of symptoms. Antibiotics are reserved for selected patients, such as those with extensive cellulitis, diabetes mellitus, immunosuppression, or systemic signs of infection. In Ayurveda, a condition comparable to perianal abscess is described as Gudavidradhi, a type of Vidradhi (deep-seated abscess) affecting the anal region. It is believed to result from the vitiation of Pitta and Kapha Doshas, with the involvement of Rakta, Maas, and Meda Dhatus, leading to inflammation, suppuration, pain, and swelling. Ayurvedic management aims to restore doshas balance, reduce inflammation, support wound healing, and prevent recurrence through a combination of internal herbal medicines, local therapies, dietary regulation, and lifestyle modifications. Classical formulations such as Triphala Guggulu, Kaishore Guggulu, and Gandhak Rasayana, along with local applications like Jatyadi Taila and Panchavalkala Kwatha, may be used as supportive therapies under the guidance of a qualified Ayurvedic practitioner. This article reviews the diagnosis and management of perianal abscess from both modern and Ayurvedic perspectives, highlighting the importance of timely incision and drainage when indicated and the complementary role of Ayurvedic herbal medicines and supportive therapies in postoperative wound care, symptom management, and overall recovery. An integrative approach that combines evidence-based surgical treatment with appropriate Ayurvedic care may help optimize healing and improve patient outcomes.

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