Abstract

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON IN VITRO ANTI-DIABETIC ACTIVITY OF PSIDIUM GUAJAVA AND MIMOSA PUDICA

Dr. P. R. Logeshkumar*, Dr. S. K. Senthilkumar, R. Narasimman, B. Naveen Kumar, P. Naveenraj, S. Nivetha, E. Padmapriya

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from impaired insulin secretion, insulin resistance, or both, and it remains a major global health challenge. The present study was undertaken to comparatively evaluate the in vitro anti-diabetic activity of ethanolic leaf extracts of Psidium guajava and Mimosa pudica using the glucose uptake assay. Fresh leaves of both plants were collected, authenticated, shade-dried, powdered, and extracted using ethanol by standard extraction procedures. Preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out to identify the presence of bioactive constituents such as flavonoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, glycosides, and terpenoids, which are known to contribute to glucose regulation and anti-diabetic activity. The glucose uptake assay was performed at different concentrations of both extracts under identical experimental conditions, and Metformin was used as the standard reference drug. The percentage of glucose uptake was calculated and statistically analyzed to compare the efficacy of the two plant extracts. The results demonstrated that both ethanolic leaf extracts exhibited concentration-dependent enhancement of glucose uptake, confirming significant in vitro anti-diabetic activity. However, Psidium guajava showed comparatively higher glucose uptake activity than Mimosa pudica, indicating superior anti-diabetic potential under the study conditions. Further studies involving investigation of additional biological activities such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects are recommended to validate their therapeutic potential.

Keywords: Psidium guajava; Mimosa pudica; Diabetes mellitus; In vitro antidiabetic activity; Glucose uptake assay; Ethanolic leaf extract; Phytochemical screening; Metformin; Flavonoids.