Abstract

ADIANTUM LUNULATUM (HANSRAJ): A COMPREHENSIVE LOOK AT THIS VERSATILE FERN SPECIES

Jaryal P.^*, Kumar K.^**

Abstract

Background: Adiantum lunulatum Burm. (syn. Adiantum philippense), commonly known as Hansraj or Hamsapadi in Ayurveda, is a medicinal pteridophyte traditionally used for the management of a wide range of disorders. Despite its long-standing therapeutic use in classical Ayurvedic literature and ethnomedicine, the plant remains comparatively underexplored in modern scientific research. Objective: This review aims to compile and summarize the available information on the taxonomy, pharmacognosy, classical Ayurvedic properties, phytochemistry, therapeutic applications, commercial aspects, and traditional formulations of Adiantum lunulatum. Methods: Information was compiled from classical Ayurvedic texts, the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, published books, ethnobotanical literature and available phytochemical databases to provide an integrated overview of the medicinal importance of the plant. Results: The review highlights the botanical characteristics and pharmacognostic features of A. lunulatum, along with its Rasapanchaka, Karma, Rogaghnata, Therapeutic indications and Formulations described in Ayurveda. Reported phytochemical investigations have identified several triterpenoids, including adiantone, fernene, fern-9(11)-en-28-ol, fern-9(11)-en-25-oic acid, and fern-9(11)-en-6α-ol, which may contribute to the plant's reported pharmacological properties. Traditional literature describes its use in the management of wound healing, inflammatory skin disorders, respiratory ailments, gastrointestinal disorders, blood disorders, and localized envenomation. However, scientific validation of many of these traditional claims remains limited. Conclusion: Adiantum lunulatum represents a promising medicinal pteridophyte with substantial traditional therapeutic relevance. Although preliminary phytochemical and pharmacological studies support some of its ethnomedicinal applications, comprehensive experimental investigations, safety evaluations, standardization studies and well-designed clinical research are required to establish its therapeutic potential and facilitate its evidence-based utilization.

Keywords: Adiantum lunulatum, Pteridophytes, Hamsapadi, Ayurveda, Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry, Ethnomedicine, Triterpenoids.