Abstract

AN OVERVIEW OF TREATMENT INNOVATIONS FOR MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

*Anjali Gaikwad, Anjum Shaikh, Mr. Shaikh Faizan, Samadhan Rathod

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated chronic central nervous system neurological disease. Further on, extraordinary new advances have transformed the way MS is addressed and treated with better patient health and quality of life. An analysis of new findings, p) athophysiology and potential therapeutic interventions in MS is described in this review. MS is a complex disease, involving various physiological and pathological mechanisms and pathways. In MS the immune system is directed against myelin (the sheath surrounding nerve cells in the brain, spinal cord and optic nerve). The nerve cells are unable to transmit electrical signals effectively due to the damaged and compromised nerve membrane, leading to limbtingling, paralysis, influence.[5] This work discusses major advances in MS treatment such as second generation disease modifying therapies (DMTs), monoclonal antibodies, remyelination-enhancing agents, gene and stem-cell therapies, and cuttingedge digital monitoring tools. New treatments gene and stem-cell therapies, and cutting-edge digital monitoring tools. New treatments such as AHSCT, CRISPR-based gene editing and B-cell– directed therapies have shown lineage efficacy in suppressing disease activity and delaying progression of disabilities. In groundbreaking research in neurodegeneration and remyelination is creating opportunities to address MS progression more directly. Novel agents targeting oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation, neurotrophic pathways, and mitochondrial were promising repair initiatives to preserve myelin and axons from permanent injury. In this article, the authors provide a comprehensive overview of existing for remyelination (smallmolecule therapeutic targets, monoclonal antibodies and stem-cell–mediated strategies) and discuss how these early clinical trial data inform the feasibility, safety and efficacy of such approaches. This review summarizes the most recent treatment innovations, their mechanisms of action, and clinical implications, and discusses their relevance to current strategies for managing MS and opportunities for personalized and restorative care.

Keywords: 1. Innovation, Disease. 2. Modifying treatment neuroprotection 3. Remyelination and Personalized 4. Monoclonal Antibody