Abstract

A STUDY ON NIDANA PANCHAKA AND ROGA-ROGI PAREEKSHA: HOLISTIC DIAGNOSTIC APPROACHES IN AYURVEDA

*Dr. Manisha Sharma, Dr. Gursharan Singh

Abstract

The ancient Indian system of medicine, Ayurveda, focuses on the concept of wholeness when it comes to matters involving health and the treatment of disease. Diagnosis (Vyadhi Nirnaya) has been described as the essence of successful therapy, and the classical texts specify such comprehensive methods as Nidana Panchaka and Roga-Rogi Pareeksha. The Nidana Panchaka- system Nidana, Purvarupa, Rupa, Upashaya, and Samprapti form a systematic approach to understanding disease development. In accompaniment, Roga Pareeksha (disease examination) and Rogi Pareeksha (patient examination) are multidimensional since they take a person's physical, psychological, and constitutional features into account. This review compares evidence in classical Ayurvedic literature, commentary, and recent scholarly research on the purpose of these methods of investigation and their relevance and utility. The results indicate that such holistic evaluations not only help to identify the disease correctly but also make it possible to implement preventive and individually acclimatising approaches to the patient according to his/her constitution (prakriti), his/her way of life, and surroundings. The analogies to modern medical diagnostics testify to the possible complementarities, especially at the level of early stages of diseases and lifestyle diseases. Nevertheless, issues of standardisation, reproducibility, and clinical validation are still there. The paper points out the current importance of these diagnostic systems and the necessity of integrative studies to identify their position in modern medical practice.

Keywords: Nidana Panchaka, Roga Pareeksha, Rogi Pareeksha, Ayurveda, Holistic Diagnosis.