Abstract

A REVIEW ON THE ANTIULCER ACTIVITY OF COSCINIUM FENESTRATUM

Dr. R. B. Pandhare*, Kurhade Ganesh Anna

Abstract

Ethanol extract of Coscinium fenestratum was evaluated in the form of 5% w/w extract and 10% w/w extract in the excision wound extracted on the dorsal side of the experimental animals, the10% w/w extract ointment showed significant improvement in wound models and the result were compatible to that of the standard drug povidone iodine (5% w/w) in terms of wound contracting ability, epithelial period and tensile strength.[1,2] Gastric ulcer is among the most common gastrointestinal disorders, which affects approximately 5-10% of people during their life. In recent years, abundant work has been carried out on herbal medicine to clarify their potential efficacy in gastric ulcer prevention or management.[3] This review provides information on its phytochemical profile and antiulcer activity of ethanolic extract of Coscinium fenestratum (CF) (Family: Menispermaceae) stem bark in ethanol induced peptic ulceration in the albino rats. The preliminary phytochemical screenings of various extracts were carried out to determine the pharmacognostical profile of the stem-bark. Preliminary ethanol extracts of CF (Gaertn) colebr. Were subjected to the acute oral toxicity study according to the OECD Guideline No. 425. Based on which, three dose levels, i.e., 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg were selected for the further study. In ulcer model, various parameters were studied viz., gastric volume, pH, total acidity, free acidity, and ulcer index. Ranitidine at 50 mg/kg used as the standard drug. The ethanolic extract of CF at the dose of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg treated groups offered 1.54%, 9.88% and 51.85% ulcer protection in ethanol induced peptic ulcers.[2,4] Background: Herbal medicines have long been investigated as alternative or complementary therapies for gastric ulcer, given their rich phytochemical composition and relatively lower side effect profile compared to conventional drugs. Coscinium fenestratum (family Menispermaceae), known locally as “tree turmeric or “ham,” is a critically endangered medicinal plant widely used in traditional Ayurvedic and Southeast Asian systems of medicine. Ethanol pharmacological records attribute multiple therapeutic effects to this species, including antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti- inflammatory, and anti-ulcer activities. Phytochemically, C. fenestratum contains a variety of bioactive compounds, notably alkaloids such as berberine and palmatine, flavonoids, and phenolics, which may contribute to its observed pharmacological effects.

Keywords: Pharmacology Activity, Coscinium Fenestratum.