Abstract

SENNA (CASSIA ANGUSTIFOLIA) DERIVED PHYTOMOLECULES IN LUNG CANCER: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF PHYTOCHEMISTRY, PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES, AND MOLECULAR TARGETS

Yashwant Nakhate*, Tanish Khandare, Akshada Walsinge, Pratiksha Makode

Abstract

Senna (Cassia angustifolia) have been used extensively in traditional medicine and have become a valuable source of bioactive phytochemicals with a wide range of therapeutic properties. The genus contains a number of secondary metabolites such as anthraquinones (rhein, aloe-emodin, emodin and chrysophanol), flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol, rutin and luteolin), phenolic compounds, tannins and glycosides which are important in terms of their pharmacological potential. Although the diagnosis and targeted therapy has advanced, lung cancer is still one of the most common and deadly cancers worldwide. Recent studies have focused on the role of phytomolecules from plant origin as modulators of important molecular targets involved in the development of lung cancer. A number of Senna compounds have shown to interact well with therapeutic targets including Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog (KRAS), Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK), Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K), Protein Kinase B (AKT), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor (VEGFR), B-cell Lymphoma-2 (BCL-2), Tumor Protein p53 (TP53) and Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1). They have been claimed to have anticancer properties by a variety of mechanisms, such as induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of angiogenesis, metastasis inhibition, and regulation of oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the phytochemical profile of Senna species, the pharmacological activities of their main constituents and to critically analyze their potential application in targeting molecular pathways involved in lung cancer. Based on the evidence found, the phytomolecules obtained from Senna may be potential candidates for the development of anticancer drugs in the future, but in-depth preclinical and clinical trials are needed to prove their efficacy and safety.

Keywords: Senna, Phytomolecules, Lung Cancer, Pharmacological Properties, Traditional Medicine.