Abstract

A LITERARY EXPLORATION OF CANCER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES

Shruti M. Thakre*, Prashant L. Takdhat and Gauri A. Nilewar

Abstract

Cancer is a group of disorder characterized by uncontrolled and abnormal cellular growth. There are more than 100 different types of cancer. The WHO projects that the number of new cancer diagnoses will reach 22 million per year in the next two decades. Cancer is one of the world’s most pressing health care challenges. Extensive research and study every year brings new knowledge and insights that help further research and ultimately improve the outlook for the patients with cancer. Despite advancement in treatment technology, there is no ideal treatment till date. Cancer immunotherapy is now a standard treatment option for people with a growing number of different cancers. Immune related adverse events, atypical clinical response patterns, durable responses, a chance to live longer and event free survival benefit distinguish cancer immunotherapy from cytotoxic cancer therapy. The clinical trial study explores whether combining immunotherapy treatments with one another or with other cancer treatments, such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy, might extend the impact of this new group of therapies. These recent years marked many milestones in the cancer treatment such as immune checkpoint blockers and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. In addition to the rapidly evolving immunotherapy, recent years also brought the advances in targeted therapy and chemotherapy. This article encompasses the traditional cancer therapies along with newly emerging cancer therapies and drugs approved in these therapies.

Keywords: Surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, CAR-T cell.