Abstract

ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY AND CHEMICAL SCREENING OF THE AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF SEEDS OF STRYCHNOS CAMPTONEURA GILG & BUSSE (LOGANIACEAE)

Raoul Ampa, Cyr Jonas Morabandza*, Gache Malga Sorelle Okoumou, Martin Diatewa, Pascal Robin Ongoka and Ange Antoine Abena

Abstract

This contribution studies concern the antidiabetic activity and chemical screening of the aqueous extract of the seeds of S. camptoneura. The antidiabetic activity was evaluated respectively in normal and hyperglycemic rats by overdose of glucose 10% at 3g/kg by oral way and, in the rat made diabetic by intravenous injection of the streptozotocine 50mg/kg. The results show a significant reduction (p˂0.01) of glycemia in the normal rats at 3rd hour (47.37% at 400 mg/kg of extract against -04.44% for distilled water). The administration of aqueous extract one hour before the overdose of glucose caused 30 mn after, a significant hyperglycemia (p˂0.05) compared with the control group (distilled water). In diabetic rats treated with the extract, the glycemia decreases significantly (p˂0.05) from 2nd until the 5th hour at 54.17; 60.65 and 40.71% respectively at the doses of 200; 400 and 800 mg/kg against -0.01% for control group (distilled water). The chemical screening by tube reactions revealed the presence of alcaloids, saponosids, flavanons, sterols/triterpens and mucilages. These results can justify the use of these species in traditional medicine against diabetes.

Keywords: Strychnos camptoneura, aqueous extract, antidiabetic, chemical screening.