Abstract

EVALUATION OF ANTI-ULCER AND ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF LEAVES OF ANNONA RETICULATA LINN.

Kashikant Yadav*, Nagarathna P.K.M., Diana Moria Martin Lou and
Gyamcho Tshering Bhutia

Abstract

Annona reticulata are used as source of medicine and also for industrial products. It possesses several medicinal properties such as anthelmintic, analgesic, antiulcer, antipyretic, wound healing, antiinflammatory and cytotoxic effects. It is contains phytochemicals like tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, phenols, glycosides and steroids. Peptic ulcer is a major disease of gastrointestinal tract, affecting about 40 lakh people each year worldwide and affects 10% of world population with different aetiologies. Aim: To evaluate the antiulcer and analgesic activity of methanolic extract of the leaves of Annona reticulata (MEAR) on albino rats. Materials and Methods: The animals were divided into four groups as control, standard, test 1 (extract: 100 mg/kg) and test 2 (extract: 200 mg/kg) with six rats in each group. Gastric lesions were induced by oral administration of ethanol (1ml/200g), indomethacin (20 mg/kg), pylorus ligation and water immersion stress. Standard group of animals were treated with ranitidine (50mg/kg) and test group of animals were treated with MEAR at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg. To determine the antiulcer activity of extract, mean ulcer index, % ulcer protection, volume of gastric juice, pH, free acidity and total acidity were evaluated. To determine analgesic activity by using tail flick and hot plate method diclofenac were used as standard drug and 15 sec was considered as cut off time in both methods. Results: The extract was evaluated for antiulcer and analgesic activity. In acute toxicity study, MEAR was found to be safe till 2000mg/kg, So the doses of MEAR at various concentration of 100 and 200mg/kg body weight was administered orally for prevention of ulcer from various induced ulcer model. Analytical parameters like Percentage of ulcer protection was calculated based on Ulcer index and Gastric juice volume, pH, free acid and total acidity of gastric juice. The analgesic activity of extract at both dose was found to be more significant as compare to the standard drug. Conclusion: The MEAR has shown significant antiulcer and analgesic activity at both 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg dose level in a dose dependent manner. Antiulcer activity of A. reticulata leaves may be due to cytoprotective, antisecretory and antioxidant potential of phytoconstituents present in the extract.

Keywords: Annona reticulata, pylorus ligation, ulcer index, gastric juice, tail flick method.