Abstract

PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF CARDAMOM

Hamza Mohamed Ahmed*, Ashraf Mahmoud Ramadhani and Ibrahim Yaagoub Erwa

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the phytochemicals of cardamom crude extract and to investigate the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of its essential oil. The results revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and saponins. The major components of the essential oil from cardamom were: Alpha-ionone (29.295%), Eucalyptol (18.85%), Santolina alcohol (9.23 %), 1,6-octadiene-3-ol,3.7-dimethyl- (8.19 %), 2,6- octadiene-1-ol,3-ol,3,7-dimethyl-,(Z)- (7.71%), Cinnamaldehyde,(E)- (4.20%), Terpinen-4-ol (4.06 %), 1,6,10-Dodecatrien-3-ol,3,7,11- trimethyl- (3.82%), Acetic acid, 1-methyl-1-(4-methyl-5-oxy-cy (1.44%). The antibacterial activity was tested against four pathogenic bacteria using the disk diffusion method. Bacillus subtilus NCTTC8236 and Staphylococcus aureusAACC25923 was selected to be gram positive bacteria while E. coli 25922 and Pseudomonas aureus27853 was gram negative. The antibacterial assay showed that the oil had significant inhibitory effects against both Gram-negative and Grampositive bacteria except E. coli.

Keywords: Phytochemical screening, GC-MS, antibacterial, cardamom, sequential extraction.