Abstract

BACTERIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF VENTILATOR ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

*Dr. A. Ravishankar Reddy, Dr.A. Swathi, Dr.V. Ramadevi, Dr. K. Kamal Chand.

Abstract

Interventions to prevent pneumonia in the ICU should combine multiple measures targeting the invasive devices, microorganisms, and protection of the patient. VAP is particularly common in patients with ARDS, after tracheotomy, in patients with COPD, and in injured and burned patients. It is the most common cause of hospital acquired infection and death among patients admitted in ICU. So we aimed to study the incidence of VAP, their microbiological profile in the intensive care unit of Kamineni Hospitals. A Prospective study conducted on 300 randomly selected Patients after Institutional Ethics Committee clearance has been taken. The diagnosis of VAP was established on the basis of Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score. A MiniBAL sample was collected Culture was done on blood agar and Mac Conkey agar 97 patients developed VAP. Results were tabulated Incidence of VAP was found to be 32.3 %, the organisms isolated in VAP patients are Acinetobacter- 65.9%, Klebsiella pneumoniae - 15.46%, E.coli - 7.21%, Pseudomonas - 6.18%. Conclusion: Clinicians must focus on eliminating or minimizing the incidence of VAP through preventive techniques. The causes of VAP and the likelihood of infection by an antibiotic-resistant strain can be predicted based on the patient characteristics, the duration of hospitalization, the duration of mechanical ventilation, prior exposure to antibiotic therapy,and prior colonization patterns. Local microbiology and antibiotic susceptibility data are essential for making informed antibiotic treatment choices.

Keywords: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), Aerobic Gram negative bacteria (AGNB), Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS).