Abstract

THE HUMAN MICROBIOTA AND EVOLVING THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL

Subodh S. Satheesh*, Dr. Prasobh G. R., Dr. Subash Chandran and Dr. Arsha V. R.

Abstract

The human microbiota, especially the gut microbiota, has even been considered to be an “essential organ”, carrying approximately 150 times more genes than are found in the entire human genome. Important advances have shown that the gut microbiota is involved in basic human biological processes, including modulating the metabolic phenotype, regulating epithelial development, and influencing innate immunity. Deviations from healthy microbial compositions have been linked with many human diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, cancer, asthma, cirrhosis, diabetes, gastro intestinal diseases and other metabolic diseases. This review focuses on human microbiota, its composition advances in microbiome techniques, and the therapeutic potentials. The Review particularly focus on multiple novel microbiota-based therapeutic approaches, including fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and targeted bacteriophages. The microbiota researches could pave the way to an understanding of the role of gut microbiota in health and disease, and provide new therapeutic targets and treatment approaches in clinical practice.

Keywords: Microbiota, Phenotype, DNA sequencing, Microbiome, Bacteriophages.