Abstract

BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITIES OF LEAF EXTRACT OF KENIKIR (COSMOS CAUDATUS) ON SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE AND SALMONELLA TYPHI

Mohammad Kanedi*, Kusuma Handayani, Wawan Abdullah Setiawan, Ratna Juwita and Isbiyantoro

Abstract

Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth) herb has known to have antibacterial activities against several bacterial strains. In this study, we tested leaf extract of the kenikir against Shigella dysenteriae and Salmonella typhi strains. The extracts of 100%, 80%, 60%, 40%, and 20% (v/v) screened for their antibacterial activity in comparison with standard antibiotic chloramphenicol as the positive control and distilled water as the negative control using the disc-diffusion agar method. The MIC and MBC’s value of the extracts was determined using broth dilution method followed by sub culturing bacterial suspension taken from the lowest concentration that completely showed no bacterial growth. The results showed all kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth) leaf extract concentration levels applied (20-100%) on the tested bacteria exhibited growth inhibition higher than that of standard antibiotic (chloramphenicol). MIC and MBC value of the extract against Shigella dysenteriae and Salmonella typhi consecutively are 17% and 16%. Considering the MBC values of the extract against the tested bacteria were the same as its MIC values it is suggested that the kenikir extract has bactericidal properties on Shigella dysenteriae and Salmonella typhi.

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