Abstract

EPIDEMIO CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND THERAPEUTIC RESULTS OF ENT TUBERCULOSIS IN A MALAGASY HOSPITAL

Willy Francis Rakotondraibe*, Maholisoa Patrick Randrianandraina, Rivo Solotiana Rakotomalala, Hery Henintsoa Randrianirina, Elgenita Soahita and Diavolana Koecher Andrianarimanana

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis is a public health problem in endemic areas like Madagascar. Our objectives are to report the clinical, the epidemiological profile and the therapeutic results of the ENT localizations of tuberculosis. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study carried out in the otorhinolaryngology and pneumophtisiology departments of the Professor ZAFISAONA Gabriel’s University hospital of Mahajanga, Madagascar, from January 2016 to January 2019. It focused on patients aged 15 and over, who presented with otolaryngology and cervical tuberculosis. The parameters studied were the epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic outcome variables. Results: We included 53 patients representing 13.9% of all tuberculosis patients, with a sex ratio of 1.3. The mean age (± standard deviation) was 33.01 (± 14.3) years. Promiscuity was found in 88.6% of cases, and the concept of contact with tuberculosis was present in all patients. Lymph nodes location was the most common (69.8%) followed by laryngeal location (13.2%). Other ENT locations were rare and tuberculosis of the salivary glands was absent. The evolution at 6 months of treatment was favorable in 75.4% of cases, while 18.8% were lost to follow-up. Discussion: ENT tuberculosis is not uncommon in our Tuberculosis endemic area. The clinical signs are misleading and borrowing those of tumor pathologies or other infections of the ENT sphere. Educating patients about the treatment would have a better therapeutic outcome.

Keywords: Lymphadenopathy, extra pulmonary, Madagascar, ENT, Tuberculosis.