Abstract

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF HYBRID AND NATIVE GARLIC (ALLIUM SATIVUM) BY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY

Akhila B. R., Kavana D., Kanthesh B. M. and Raghu N.*

Abstract

Secondary metabolites found in the medicinal plants play important role in curing different diseases and used as important raw materials for the manufacturing of traditional and modern medicines. One of these medicinal plant garlic (Allium sativum) members of Liliaceae family reduces various risk factors associated with several diseases. Garlic has been shown to inhibit enzymes involved in lipid synthesis, decrease platelet aggregation, prevent lipid peroxidation of oxidized erythrocytes and LDL, increase antioxidant status, and inhibit angiotensin converting enzyme. It also reduces cholesterol and blood pressure Therefore; our aim was to compare the different secondary metabolites present in the hybrid and native aqueous and methanolic extracts of the garlic bulb. Phytochemicals screening revealed those alkaloids, reducing sugars, flavonoids, glycosides, tannin, saponins and amino acids. The antibacterial potency of aqueous and methanol extracts of hybrid-native garlic was determined invitro against three bacterial isolates (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Enterococcus faecalis) by agar-well diffusion method. These findings therefore justify the traditional medicinal use of garlic.

Keywords: Allium sativum, phytochemical, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Enterococcus faecalis.