Abstract

IN VITRO STUDY ON THE ANTIBACTERIAL EFFICACY OF ALOE BARBADENSIS MILL AGAINST POST-SURGICAL INFECTION IN MATERNITY AND GYNECOLOGY WARDS AT UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL OF KIGALI

Musabyumuremyi Celestin*, Arpita Sharma, Nyirigira John, Nkubana Theoneste, Uwamariya Chantal and Mazarati Jean Baptiste

Abstract

Introduction: The emergence of antimicrobial resistance, together with unavailability of new antimicrobial drugs, making the need for exploring possible alternatives a necessity and natural products from medicinal plants extract may possess a new source of antimicrobial agents which may possess the antimicrobial agents. Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the in vitro antibacterial activity of Aloe barbadensis mill (Aloe vera) extracts against post-surgical bacteria developed after cesarean section in maternity and gynecology wards at University Teaching Hospital of Kigali. Method: This was an experimental study where methanol, ethanol, acetone and aqueous extracts of A. barbadensis mill were evaluated for their antibacterial susceptibility against one hundred eighty-one bacteria (181) isolated from post surgical patients who were referred to the UTHK from October 2017 to November 2018 for gynecological and obstetrical problems. The isolates used were Klebsiella pneumonia (56), Staphylococcus aureus (47), Eschelichia coli (45), Acinetobacter baumanii (13), Pseudomonas aeroginosa (10), Staphylococcus epidermidis (8) and the Proteus mirabilis (2). The antibacterial susceptibility and qualitative phytochemical of the extracts were done in microbiology laboratory at UTHK while the quantitative analysis with gas chromatograph –mass spectroscopy of A. barbadensis mill had been done in biotechnology laboratory at Career Point University in Indian. Results: The methanol extracts produced the largest average zone of inhibition 18±0.21 against Proteus mirabilis. No significance difference of zones of inhibition against bacteria observed for the methanol extracts compared to other bacteria studied. Moreover, this was the same for ethanol, acetone and aqueous where there was no significance difference in zones of inhibition P>0.05. The MIC and MBC had been found to depend on the type of bacteria studied and the extracts used where MIC and MBC for methanol extracts were Klebsiella pneumonia, Acinetobacter baumanii, Proteus mirabilis for ethanol extract were Staphylococcus aureus, Eschelichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis and finally for acetone extracts were Pseudomonas aeroginosa. The qualitative phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloid, carbohydrates, tannin, glycoside, phenols, and steroids and the quantitative analysis were shown the presence of bioactive molecules which showed the anticancer and antimicrobial activity. Conclusion: Aloe barbadensis mill has many advantages hence Aloe barbadensis gel extracts could be recommended for human trials (in proper dosage) against different bacteria pathogens.

Keywords: In vitro, antibacterial efficacy, Aloe barbadensis mill, post-surgical bacteria isolates.