Abstract

CORONA VIRUS COVID-19, HUMAN CORONAVIRUSES A REVIEW OF VIRUS

Shradha A. Lohakane*, Dr. R. N. Kachave and Dr. M. J. Chavan

Abstract

The Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak has been traced in China late 2019 and then was transmitted into more than 25 countries. A total 59 papers have been published in 20 journals during last January to March. Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) are known respiratory pathogens associated with a range of respiratory outcomes. In the past 14 years, the onset of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) have thrust HCoVs into spotlight of the research community due to their high pathogenicity in humans. The study of HCoV-host interactions has contributed extensively to our understanding of HCoV pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss some of the recent findings of host cell factors that might be exploited by HCoVs to facilitate their own replication cycle. We also discuss various cellular processes, such as apoptosis, innate immunity, ER stress response, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway that may be modulated by HCoV.

Keywords: Corona, virus, HCoV, pathogen.