Abstract

ACUTE AND SUBACUTE TOXICITIES OF THE AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF THE LEAVES OF CELOSIA TRIGYNA (L.)

Sawadogo Touwindséda Aimée*, Ouédraogo Youssoufou, Da Filkpièrè Léonard, Ilboudo Sylvain, Sawadogo Paténéma and Bayala Balé

Abstract

Celosia trigyna (C. trigyna) is a plant which is widely used in Burkina Faso as traditional medicine and human food. The aim of this study is to screen the phytochemical component of the extract and evaluate the safe of C. trigyna by acute and subacute toxicity with Wistar rat. During four weeks daily administration, subacute toxicity was investigated throughout consumption index, relative organs weight, biochemical and hematological parameters using 100, 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight (bw). Phytochemical analysis was revealed the presence of steroidal and triterpenes, alkaloids salts and saponosides. For acute toxicity, the single administration dose of 5000 mg/kg of body weight was shown that the extract is practically non-toxic. For subacute toxicity 100, 500 and 1000 mg/kg were shown significant (p < 0,05) decrease of transaminases level. The different doses of the extract were also shown a significant (p < 0,05) decrease of chloremia and creatininemia. There is no significant (p > 0,05) change in biochemical parameters. For hematological parameters, only monocytes ratio arises significantly (p < 0,05) with 1000 mg/kg bw of the extract. From these results we conclude that C. trigyna extract in therapeutic short-term utilization did not present risk of toxicity but for long-term utilization, with higher doses could expose deleterious effects.

Keywords: Celosia trigyna, Phytochemical screening, Acute toxicity, Subacute toxicity, Rat.