Abstract

CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF OVARIAN CYSTS IN A SAMPLE OF FEMALE IRAQI PATIENTS

Prof. Alaa Gh. Hussein MBChB. FICMS. and May A. Ghani MBChB*

Abstract

Background: Ovarian cysts are very common forms of gynecological problems in women that can be ranged from physiological cysts to highly aggressive neoplasms. The aim of this study is to assess the pathological changes of ovarian cysts in a sample of Iraqi female patients in relation with age, clinical presentation, localization and histopathological diagnosis. Method: this was a retrospective study of 205 randomly selected cases of ovarian cysts reported from January 2018 to December 2020 in department of pathology, Baghdad Medical City / Baghdad / Iraq. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS. Variables included age in years, age group, laterality of cysts, gross features and histopathological type. Result: The age ranged from 12-74 years with a mean age of presentation was 35.01years. The highest incidence of ovarian cysts was in the age group 21 to 30 years (30.7%). The most common clinical presentation was abdominal pain (38.5%). Most cases were unilateral (98.3%). Of the 205 patients studied, the incidence of benign cysts was (46.3%), functional cysts (32.1%) and malignant cysts (14.1%), while borderline cysts were (7.3%). most common gross feature of cases was unilocular with clear fluid (88; 42.9%). The most common histopathological diagnosis was Corpus luteal cyst which formed (20.5%) of cases. Conclusion: Functional and benign cysts are more common across all age groups except in elderly where malignant cystic lesions are more predominant. Corpus luteal cyst is the most common histological diagnosis in patient younger than 30, while serous cyst adenocarcinoma is the most common in patients older than 50.

Keywords: Ovarian cysts, histopathology, Iraqi females.