Abstract

A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON DIABETES MELLITUS: AN OVERVIEW

Anupma Yadav*, Swarnima Pandey, Arpita Singh and Amresh Gupta

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is worldwide one of the most common noncommunicable diseases. Our country faces many challenges in diabetes management, including a rising prevalence in urban and rural areas, lack of disease awareness among the public, limited health care facilities, high cost of treatment, suboptimal glycogenic control and rising prevalence of diabetic complications. The common therapy of Insulin therapy for diabetes is most commonly delivered via subcutaneous injections, up to four times a day. The long-term insulin therapy, compounded by the invasive nature of its administration, has caused problems with patient compliance, ultimately influencing patient outcomes. There is an increase in the prevalence of type- 1diabetes also, but main cause of diabetic epidemic is type-2 diabetes mellitus, which accounts for more than 90 percent of all diabetes cases. Type-2 is the most serious and common chronic disease resulting from a complex inheritance-environment interaction along with other risk factors such as obesity and sedentary lifestyle.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, diagnosis, cause and treatment.