Abstract

EFFECTS OF THE AMOUNT ETHANOL DAILY INGESTED ON THE TIME APPEARANCE OF HYPERTENSION IN MALE WISTAR RATS

Bibi-Farouck Aboubakar Oumarou*, Danielle Claude Bilanda, Simon Pierre Yinyang Danga, Martin Thierry Bella Ndzana, Yannick Bekono Fouda, Paul Désiré Djomeni Dzeufiet, Théophile Dimo

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Abstract

Aims: Heavy alcohol consumption is known to induce hypertension and other issues. Therefore, the present work was designed to study relationship between the dose of ethanol ingested and the time induction of hypertension. Methods: Male albino Wistar rats aged 08 to 10 weeks were randomly divided into 5 groups. Each group was made up of control animals treated with distilled water (5 subgroups) and ethanol (5 subgroups).Treated subgroups daily received orally ethanol at the doses of 1.5 g/kg, 3 g/kg, 4.5 g/kg, 6g/kg and 9 g/kg, respectively. Arterial blood pressure of animals receiving ethanol was measured every week. The time of hypertension confirmation was considered as the time of induction. Some hemodynamic and biochemical parameters of the concern ethanol treated subgroup (5 rats) as well as the corresponding control (5 rats) were assessed. Results: The administration of ethanol induced hypertension respectively after 12 weeks (1.5 g/kg), 8 weeks (3 g/kg), 6 weeks (4.5 g/kg), 3 weeks (6g/kg) and 2 weeks (9 g/kg). Moreover, significant increase in serum triglycerides and LDL cholesterol levels as well as ALT, AST, ALP and GGT activities were observed in ethanol hypertensive rats. Also, ethanol lowered reduced glutathione level as well as SOD and catalase activities in various tissues; meanwhile, MDA level was significantly increased. Conclusion: The above results show that the dose of ethanol is proportional to the time of hypertension induction. This animal model is associated with abnormalities such as hyperlipidemia, oxidative stress and endothelial impairment.

Keywords: Ethanol, hypertension, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction.