Abstract

PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF LEAF EXTRACT OF ENGLERINA DRUMMOMDII BALLE EX POLHILL & WIENS

*Gbaranor K. B., Tee P. G, Agara H. N., Victor P. D., Alasia O. M., David-Sarogoro N., Opusunju B. H., George B. O., Nonju I. I., Ovili-Odili B. Z., Nonju T. I. Nwauzoma A. P. and Nwosu G. N.

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Abstract

Phytomedicine is an important aspect of medicine that are routinely practiced in Africa. Several plants have been engaged in treatment process by the traditionalists without looking at those potent chemicals that are found in them which some them may lead to physiological or pathological changes in body’s organ. This study was conducted to ascertain the chemical constituent of Englerino drummomdii Balle ex Pohill & Wiens. The study revealed the mean and standard error of the chemical constituents found in the extract as: flavonoid 2.83 ±0.03; tannins 36.41 ± 0.01; saponin 4.05 ± 0.03; alkaloid 6.54 ± 0.03; phenols 1.35 ± 0.03; glycoside 0.12 ± 0.02; steroids 1.06 ± 0.00 and phytate 0.03 ± 0.01. The quantitative analysis of the chemical constituent of the extract shows that alkanoids have the highest mean value compare to other constituents, and is followed by saponins and the least is phytate 0.03 ± 0.01. The qualitative phytochemical screening revealed that tannin and alkaloid were highly detected in the plant extract with three pluses while glycoside, steroids and carbohydrate were least detected with a plus. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 24 and ANOVA.

Keywords: Phytochemical, analysis, leaf, extract, Englerina drummomdii Balle ex Polhill & Wiens.