Abstract

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND POTENCY OF THE METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ANONA MURICATA (SOURSOP) AGAINST ISOLATE FROM WOUND SWAB

Anie Clement Oliseloke*, Egbon Olukayode T., Okwunwa, Solomon and Elue Ezekiel

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Abstract

Background: Humans have consistently utilized natural products of plant origin as agent of medical intervention to meet their health needs. Objective: The focus of this particular study is to assess the antimicrobial potency and activity of the methanolic extract of A. muricata against isolate from wound swab. Results: The phytochemical investigation of the methanolic extractof A. muricata exposed the existence of five (5) bioactive constituents which include saponins, tannins, alkaloids, phenols; while terpenoids, cardiac glycoside and steroids were observed to be absent. The methanolic extract was tested against 8 strains of different gram positive bacteria and 6 strains of several gram negative bacteria to determine its antimicrobial efficacy. From the 8 gram-positive isolates, three (3) were Staphylococcus aureus (21.4%) and five (5) were Staphylococcus epidermis(35.7%). From the seven (7) gram negative isolates, Klebsiella pneumoniae (12.3%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.3%) isolates were two (2) each while the remaining three were Proteus spp. (6.1%), Enterobacter spp. (6.1%) and Aeromonas spp. (6.1%). The result showed lower inhibition zone for crude extract when compared with the positive control. The higher activity was seen at 200 mg/ml against Cysteine Lactose Electrolyte Deficient (CLED) Agar 8 and nutrient agar 13 with zone of inhibitions of 14.5±0.71 and 15.0±1.41. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the crude extract determined and result showed MIC of extract at 25, 6.25, 200, 50, 6.25, 25, 50, 25, 6.25, 100, 100 and 25 mg/mL for most of the microbial strains. Conclusion: The outcome of this study justifies the ethno medicinal use of A. muricata. Thus, making it a plant of interest for the synthesis of novel antimicrobial agent for the effective treatment of bacterial infection.

Keywords: Inhibitory, wound swab, A. Muricata, antimicrobial bioactive.