Abstract

PHARMACOGENOMICS BIOMARKERS FOR IMPROVED DRUG THERAPY RECENT PROGRESS AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENT

Mansi Poptani, Nandnee Singh Rajpoot, Khushbu solanki, Manish Upadhyay, Sameer Pandey and Pushpendra Kumar Khangar*

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Abstract

Pharmacogenomic research sheds light on how people react to existing and novel medicines, and pharmacogenomic biomarkers hold considerable promise for predicting drug response and guiding drug selection and dosage. Rapid technological advancements in genetic analysis demonstrate that the number of genetic variants important for medication action is significantly more than previously anticipated, and that truly tailored drug response prediction necessitates attention to millions of uncommon mutations. We examine the evolutionary history of genetic variants in drug-metabolizing enzymes, highlight some key examples of current pharmacogenomic biomarker applications, and provide an update on germline and somatic genome biomarkers in drug development and clinical practise. We also go through current technology developments with a focus on complicated genetic loci, current attempts for pharmacogenomic biomarker validation, and future scenarios that include rare genetic variants for truly individualised genetically guided drug prescription.

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