Abstract

LIPOSOME: A POWERFUL APPROACH FOR VESICULAR DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

Chandraprakash Dwivedi*, Prashant Lal Sivna, Shikha rane, Rajni Yadav, S Prakash Rao1, Birendra Kumar, Mehendra Kumar Dewangan, Durgeshnandani Sinha

Abstract

The first closed bilayer phospholipid system called Liposomes, was described in 1964 and soon was proposed as drug delivery system. Liposome was found by Alec Bangham of Babraham Institute in Cambridge, England in 1965. In 1965s, it was well recognized that microscopic lipid vesicles, known as liposomes, could be utilized to encapsulate drugs and dyes for the purpose of systemic administration and drug targeting. Liposomes have been widely investigated since 1970 as drug carriers for improving the delivery of therapeutic agents to specific sites in the body. In 1990; drugs with liposome and Amphotericin B were approved by Ireland. In 1995 America F.D.A approved liposor doxodubicin. The liposome a microscopic spherical particle formed by a lipid bilayer enclosing an aqueous compartment. An artificial microscopic vesicle consisting of an aqueous core enclosed in one or more phospholipid layers, used to convey vaccines, drugs, enzymes, or other substances to target cells or organs. This review discusses the mechanism of liposome formation, structural components of liposome, classification, preparation method, pharmacokinetics, targeting, advantages, disadvantages, limitation, factors affecting the formation, characterization, potential applications of liposomes in drug delivery with examples of formulations approved for clinical use and products in clinical trials.

Keywords: lipophilic, phospholipids are microscopic vesicles, clinical trial, targeting.