Abstract

REVIEW ON THE GUT-BRAIN AXIS AND THEIR ROLE IN MAINTAINING HOMEOSTASIS

Sharon Thomas, Mannat Nagpal, Jaspreet Kaur and Vinod Kumar Gupta*

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Abstract

The Gut-Brain Axis (GBA) plays a pivotal role in normal development and their altered interactions attribute to various diseases like type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer's, and mood disorders. Understanding the crosstalk and interaction between the gut consisting of the microbiota, and the brain, especially during the period of postnatal development can be central to discovering a therapeutic model involving psychobiotics and identifying critical periods when interventions can be made. The role of gut microbiota is central to this axis and alteration of their composition can lead to dysbiosis. The role of mediators and various pathways in the GBA has been discussed briefly, though their potential in tuning the GBA is beyond the scope of this paper.

Keywords: Gut-brain axis, Gut microbiota, Postnatal development and Psychobiotics.