Abstract

A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF PHARMACOECONOMIC OF MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS OF TUBERCULOSIS AT NODAL CENTRE OF ANANTA INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES AND RESEARCH CENTRE, RAJSAMAND, RAJASTHAN ALONG WITH THE OVERALL ECONOMIC BURDEN ON GOVERNMENT

Harshita Kalal*, Sherin Mary Rajan, Pushprajsinh Vaghela, Swapnil Panchal and Dr. Komal Sharma

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Abstract

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, an Acid-Fast Bacillus, is the causative agent of TB, a chronic granulomatous infectious illness. Intestines, meninges, bones and joints, lymph nodes, skin, eyes, reproductive tract, and other organs may be impacted by extra-pulmonary TB. The typical methods used to diagnose TB include sputum analysis, X-rays, CBNAAT, bronchoscopy, sonography, CT scans, etc. The Directly Observed Treatment Short-Course (DOTS) philosophy and the WHO's global TB control plan are both incorporated into the RNTCP (Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme). It was changed to the NTEP (National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme) in 2020. With a strategy focus on "Prevent, Detect, Treat and Build" for social protection and universal coverage, this programme aims to create a "TB free India." The NTEP has established the "NIKSHAY" site (Ni = End, Kshay = TB). TB elimination, thus. In addition to the National Informatics Centre (NIC) and the WHO national office of India, it is created and maintained by the Central TB Division (CTD), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. It serves as the country's national TB monitoring system and makes it possible to send all patient data to the Indian government. Along with malnutrition, poor socioeconomic level and living circumstances are regarded as significant risk factors associated with latent tuberculosis infection. The most widely used vaccination against TB is called BCG. The prevalence of latent TB is likewise growing as the population ages. In India, inadequate primary healthcare facilities in rural parts of several states, unregulated private healthcare, a lack of political will, and corrupt administration are key obstacles to TB management. By 2050, TB as a public health issue will be eradicated from the planet, according to WHO's "STOP TB" policy. The government should launch an instructional series on TB similar to "Mann Ki Baat" by the "Prime Minister of India," as one reply suggested. A pharmacoeconomic research assesses a pharmaceutical product's cost (represented in monetary terms) and effects (expressed in monetary terms of effectiveness or improved quality of life). Pharmacoeconomic studies help to determine the most efficient and scientifically sound way to allocate healthcare resources. Pharmaceutical economic evaluation is the focus of pharmacoeconomics, which may include cost-minimization, cost-benefit, cost-effectiveness, or cost-utility analysis. There are ten steps in a well-designed pharmacoeconomic analysis: identifying the issue, selecting the study's viewpoint, determining the options, and determining the results (4) choosing the best pharmacoeconomic approach, and (5) assigning monetary values to results (6) Finding study resources, and (7) Calculating the Likelihood of the Results Applying decision analysis, at (8) presenting the findings together with any research limitations and (9) discounting costs or carrying out a sensitivity or additional cost analysis. Connect families and TB patients to the relevant government social programs, and then exploit the government's emphasis on digital payments to send rewards and incentives straight to the patient's bank account. To revolutionize TB control and accomplish the national aim of eliminating TB as a significant public health concern by 2025, an estimated budget of 16649 crores would be needed during the next three years. Additionally, it has a method for coordinating the extension of the program's medicine supply through creative private sector techniques for 2.2 million TB patients. Support for 9 million TB patient culture tests and post-TB therapy monitoring. Additionally, it involves the development of contact centers with the capacity to help all TB patients for ten million minutes, SMS reminders to 4.5 million TB patients, and the distribution of 50,000 PDA devices for digitization.

Keywords: Tuberculosis, RNTCP, NIKSHAY, Cost-minimization, Cost-benefit, Cost-effectiveness, Cost-utility analysis and Pharmacoeconomics.