Abstract

A RECENT ADVANCES IN THE ANTIBACTERIAL POTENTIAL OF SULFADIAZINE: A REVIEW

Neeraj Kumar*, Rajneesh Kumar Gupta and Amresh Gupta

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Abstract

As a sulphonamide, sulfadiazine is formed when a 4- aminobenzenesulfonamido group is attached to the 2-position of pyrimidine. This review was based on the recent advances in the antibacterial potential of sulfadiazine for that an extensive literature survey was done. It acts as an antibiotic, an anti-infective, an antiprotozoal medication, a coccidiostat, a xenobiotic, a pollutant in the environment, and a drug allergen. It is a sulphonamide antibiotic, a modified aniline, and a pyrimidine. It shares some properties with a sulphanilamide. Sulfadiazine is an effective sulphonamide antibacterial medication for treating low- and moderate-severity infections caused by sensitive microorganisms. Sulfadiazine is effective against Chlamydia trachomatis but has little effect on other staph infections. Many protozoa are susceptible to sulphonamides, and they are effective against them. The bacterial enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase is essential for the synthesis of dihydrofolic acid, and it is inhibited by the sulphonamides, which are structural analogues of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA). Sulfadiazine belongs to sulphonamide category of antimicrobials. Antibacterial activity of sulfadiazine has been well confirmed from the above literature survey which used in different dosage forms i.e., ointment, nano emulsion etc. It has exhibited for increased level of efficacy at different microbial strains. Due to its severe toxicity, sulfadiazine is prescribed with precaution in the cure of microbial infections. In concludes, sulfadiazine is old but effective antimicrobial agent that can be used in transdermal patch or film dosage form too.

Keywords: Sulfadiazine, Antibacterial, Toxicity, Antibiotic-resistant, Metals.