Abstract

ORAL OSMOTIC DOSAGE FORMULATION: A DETAILED SUMMARY

Satyansh Kumar Singh*, Vivek Kumar Patel, Rajeev Shukla and Aditya Gupta

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Abstract

Conventional drug delivery devices often struggle to control the release of drugs and achieve effective concentrations at the intended target site. This is mainly due to unpredictable plasma concentrations associated with traditional medication delivery methods. However, controlled drug delivery systems offer a solution by allowing spatial control of drug release. Among these systems, osmotic pumps have shown great promise for regulated drug administration, with applications in both oral delivery and implantable devices. Osmotic pumps consist of an inner core that contains the medication and osmogens, enclosed within a semipermeable membrane. The drug solution is pushed out through delivery ports as the core's volume increases, driven by the absorption of water. One key advantage of osmotic pumps is that the drug release rate remains constant, unaffected by the hydrodynamics and pH of the surrounding medium. The development of osmotic systems has progressed through various iterations, including the push-pull system, Rose-Nelson pump, Higuchi-Leeper pump, Alzet and Osmet system, and elementary osmotic pump. Recent advancements have led to the creation of controlled porosity osmotic pumps and asymmetric membrane-based devices. This article focuses on the principle of osmosis, the materials used in osmotic pumps, different types of pumps, as well as the benefits and drawbacks associated with commercially available products based on this system. By leveraging osmotic principles, controlled drug delivery systems offer a promising approach to overcoming the limitations of conventional drug delivery devices, allowing for more precise and reliable drug release at the desired target site.

Keywords: Osmogens, Osmotic system, Osmotic tablets.