Abstract

RECENT ADVANCES IN THE SCIENCE OF COLORECTAL CANCER

Madhu Jha, Akriti Singh* and Neeraj Jangir

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Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent type of cancer in the world, and it is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths. CRC is most common in western countries, and the rate of occurrence is rising year by year. Even while CRC is still mostly a disease of the industrialised world, incidence rates have been growing there in developing nations too. It is being demonstrated that detection of colorectal cancer significantly lowers the death rate, which have fallen in many long-established as well as recently economically developed nations. Alcohol consumption, smoking, obesity and physical inactivity can be some major factors causing CRC. It is also caused by mutations that targets mainly tumour suppressor genes, oncogenes and colorectal carcinomas. The ultimate goal of this review is to provide an explanation on CRC, classification, its risk factors, nature of symptoms, epidemiology, diagnosis, and recent advancements in treatment approaches of this disease.

Keywords: Colorectal carcinoma, epidemiology, risk factors, and the multiphase process.