Abstract

A REVIEW ON FORMULATION STRATEGIES FOR ENHANCING BIOAVAILABILITY OF POORLY SOLUBLE DRUGS

Chavan Khushal Himmat*, Shaikh Aqsa Zakir, Sonawane Bhagyoday Sanjay and Jejurkar Shivanjali Dnyaneshwar

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Abstract

The solubility of drugs is a critical factor for providing bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. However, a significant number of pharmaceutical compounds exhibit poor solubility in aqueous media, which greatly impact the drug development. This review provides an indepth knowledge of various strategies and techniques employed to enhance the solubility of poorly soluble drugs. The first section of the review discusses the Problems related to poor solubility, the need for solubility enhancement with a highlight on BCS classification including examples and the factors that affect solubility. The second section focuses on formulation strategies with merits and demerits of each technique, the strategies include the use of solubilizing agents, complexation, and solid dispersion technologies. These methods are aimed at altering the drug's physical state or creating stable drug delivery systems that improve solubility and dissolution rates. The third section explores the application of nanotechnology in drug solubility enhancement. It mainly focuses on the preparation methods including Precipitation, Homogenisation, and milling techniques in detail. This section also shows some case studies and examples of drugs formulated as nanosuspension. The fourth section gives the principle, preparation, and drug’s examples of Solid dispersion and Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SEDDS). The final section explains the role of Co-Crystallisation and Pro-Drugs on Solubility enhancement. By summarizing various strategies and approaches, it aims to facilitate the development of more effective and accessible medications for the benefit of patient healthcare.

Keywords: Solubility enhancement, Bioavailability, Co-Solvents, Nanosuspensions, Solid Dispersion, Homogenization, Co-Crystallization.