Abstract

A REVIEW ON THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AND COVID-19

Susmita Kanaujiya*, Sufiyan and Muhammad Basith K. T.

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Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 virus is the source of the widespread infectious disease known as coronavirus disease (COVID-19). People of all ages have been affected, and it has caused a sizable number of infections and fatalities globally. While it typically results in mild to moderate respiratory sickness, it can also have serious side effects and even result in death, especially in older people with underlying medical illnesses including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or chronic respiratory disease. Even before the pandemic, ischemic heart disease and other illnesses like it were the main causes of cardiovascular disease, which is now a leading cause of death worldwide. The mortality rate from cardiovascular illness, notably acute myocardial infarction (AMI), has increased, though, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Cardiovascular disease patients have been discovered to have elevated levels of biomarkers that are troponin, pro BNP, which indicate myocardial injury, and COVID-19 has been found to increase the risk of severe infection and mortality in these patients. In the setting of COVID-19, cytokine storms have a role in the etiology of cardiovascular disease by directly damaging the myocardium and dysregulating the ACE-2 receptor pathway. Additionally, COVID-19 has been linked to cardiac symptoms like myocarditis, heart failure, arrhythmias, thrombosis, and acute coronary syndrome. Patients who have received COVID-19 and experienced cardiac symptoms should be constantly followed because these complications can significantly increase morbidity and mortality. In order to better comprehend and treat the combined risks posed by COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease, more study and collaboration between cardiology and infectious diseases is required.

Keywords: COVID -19, Cytokine storm, Myocarditis, ACE-2.