Abstract

A REVIEW: NERIUM INDICUM OR NERIUM OLEANDER AND ITS TOXICITY IN VERTEBRATES

Krishma Chaudhary*, Veena Batra Kushwaha and Sunil Kumar Srivastav

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Abstract

In this review article has been evaluated toxicity of Nerium indicum or Nerium oleander in the body organs of different animal. In recent year the population of India is in the first place all over the world so the demand of food is increasing also. To cope of food necessity the farmers uses different type of synthetics pesticides and botanical pesticides in agricultural fields. Nerium indicum considered to be very toxic due to secondary metabolites present in the plants. It is a great replacement of synthetics pesticides because it’s easily availability in nature. Nerium indicum could be a great fertilizers if uses brilliantly. The toxicity of Nerium indicum plant is mild to severe which causes death to the animals and human being also. It crosses blood-brain barrier and block Na+K+ATPases which causes effects on vital organs and muscles of body. Decrease in sperm formation in seminiferous tubules, necrosis, inflammation in kidney, liver, heart, mucus formation in lungs. Additionally, ROS formation and free radicals, decline in calcium, inorganic phosphate, albumin and increase in bilirubin, creatinine, LDH, Uric acid, urea, SGOT and SGPT.

Keywords: Nerium indicum, toxicity, Botanical pesticide, Cardiac glycosides, vertebrate.