Abstract

PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM PLEUROTUS OSTREATUS (JACQ.FR) KUMM., - AN WILD EDIBLE MUSHROOM

Mariappan Senthilkumar*, Vinayagam Srividhya and Durai Mahalakshmi

Abstract

In this study, the phytochemical analysis of wild edible mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus from Dharmapuri district. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of varying quantities of alkaloids, carbohydrate, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, polyphenols, tannins, terpenoids with absence of anthraquinones and steroids. The results show that wild edible mushrooms are rich in health-promoting phytochemical compounds than cultivated. These bioactive compounds together with the high antioxidant activities obtained in some species and the nutrient contents in all species may be responsible for their nutritional and therapeutic uses. Total polyphenols values obtained ranged between 210-1614 mg Gallic Acid equivalent (GAE)/100g, dry weight basis (dwb) and flavonoids 214-1695 mg Quercetin Equivalent (QE)/100 g dwb. Total polyphenols and flavonoids values showed a positive correlation with the free radical scavenging activity. The extract of Pleurotus ostearus showed a significantly higher total phenol and flavonoid content of (248.80 + 7.63) mg/g and (42.63+0.63) respectively. Phytochemical composition analysis yielded (g/100g) alkaloid (0.32 ± 0.07), flavonoids (2.84 ± 0.24) and oligosaccharides (14.14 ± 0.53). Thin layer chromatographic profiles yielded the different pattern of compound and as well as different Rf values. The ethanol extract showed three compounds (Rf = 0.16, 0.46, 0.72) followed by two compounds in ethyl acetate (0.26, 0.75), chloroform extract (0.25, 0.74) and only one compound yielded in hexane extract (0.85) respectively. The aim of the present study is to determine the bioactive compounds presents in Pleurotus ostearus.

Keywords: Edible mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus, Phytochemicals, Thin layer chromatography.