Abstract

A REVIEW ON NEEM (AZADIRACHTA INDICA): THE MEDICINAL MIRACLE

Muskan Nagpal*, Karshi Sharma and Dr. Aditi Chauhan and M. D. (AY)

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Abstract

Azadirachta indica, commonly known as Neem, is a highly valued medicinal plant in traditional systems such as Ayurveda, Unani, and Naturopathy, earning titles like ―The Village Pharmacy‖ for its broad therapeutic potential. It possesses a rich phytochemical profile, with over 150 bioactive compounds including isoprenoids, flavonoids, limonoids (e.g., azadirachtin, nimbin, salanin), polyphenols, and sulfur-containing molecules, isolated from various parts like leaves, bark, seeds, and roots.[1] Neem has demonstrated wide-ranging pharmacological actions such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, antihyperglycemic, anticarcinogenic, hepatoprotective, and immune-modulatory effects. Recent studies have also explored Neem’s potential in dermatology, particularly in inhibiting melanin production by reducing tyrosinase activity, suggesting its role in treating hyperpigmentation disorders and its incorporation into cosmetic formulations. Despite its wide applications, researchers emphasize the need for standardization in Neem extract preparation, as certain unregulated formulations may pose risks to liver or kidney health. Advances in genomics also show phylogenetic links between Neem and Citrus species, opening new doors for further pharmacogenetic studies.

Keywords: Azadirachta indica, Neem, Limonoids, Ayurveda.