Abstract

AYURVEDIC AND MODERN INSIGHTS ON TWACHA

Dr. Deepali Gautam*, Dr. Ram Mohan Singh Kushwah

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Abstract

Ayurveda, one of the most ancient systems of medicine, provides a detailed account of Twacha (skin) in relation to its structure, functions, and susceptibility to diseases. The classical text Sushruta Samhita mentions seven distinct layers of Twacha, each with a defined thickness and specific pathological associations. Modern dermatological science also recognizes the multilayered nature of skin, highlighting its structural and functional importance. The objective of the present study was to analyze the Ayurvedic description of Twacha and establish its correlation with modern anatomical and physiological concepts of skin. The materials for this study included classical Ayurvedic treatises such as the Sushruta Samhita and other authoritative texts. In addition, standard modern anatomy and dermatology literature were used for comparative evaluation. The methods involved systematic compilation of descriptions from Ayurvedic sources, extraction of details related to layers, thickness, and functions, and comparison with modern accounts of skin histology and physiology. Narrative synthesis was then carried out to identify similarities and differences between the two knowledge systems. The results showed that the seven Ayurvedic layers of Twacha correspond to modern strata, including the stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, papillary dermis, reticular dermis, and hypodermis. Both systems describe multiple functions of skin, such as protection, sensation, thermoregulation, excretion, and absorption. The Ayurvedic concept of Bhrajak Pitta, related to complexion and absorption of topical applications, aligns with modern understanding of pigmentation and percutaneous drug delivery. The study concludes that Ayurvedic descriptions of Twacha reflect profound observational insights that resonate with contemporary dermatological science. This correlation validates the significance of classical concepts and demonstrates their continued relevance. The synthesis of perspectives underscores the potential of Ayurvedic knowledge in guiding integrative education, therapeutic practices, and future research in skin health.

Keywords: Twacha, Ayurveda, Sushruta Samhita, Skin layers, Bhrajak Pitta, Comparative study.