Abstract

BIOAVAILABILITY ENHANCEMENT THROUGH NASAL ROUTES IN ALZHEIMER’S THERAPY

Ms. Tejaswini R. Kulkarni*, Ms. Prerana S. Deshmukh

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Abstract

The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is complicated and varied. The primary neuropathologic criteria for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis are still the presence of intracellular accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau as neurofibrillary tangles and extracellular β- amyloid deposition as neuritic plaques. Disease-modifying medicines (DMT) were scarcer in the past because pharmaceuticals, particularly those involving proteins and polypeptides, had a hard time passing across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Different methods are employed to get the medicine over the blood-brain barrier after developments in drug delivery systems. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative brain illness that impairs thinking, memory, judgment, and focus, making it difficult for a person to carry out everyday tasks. The blood-brain barrier and additional barriers to oral and other routes, such as decreased bioavailability, quick metabolism, rapid excretion, and drug breakdown by enzymes and stomach juices, make it difficult to transfer drugs to the brain. The nose-to-brain medication delivery system is one of the innovative methods for targeting the brain that are being developed to get around the drawbacks of oral and other routes of administration. Since it avoids the blood-brain barrier, intranasal medication administration, also known as nose-to-brain drug delivery, is one of the safest, most efficient, and non-invasive ways to target the brain, according to this research. As a result, a variety of innovative methods, such as hydrogels, liposomes, in-situ gels, nanoparticles, and nanoemulsions, are frequently employed to successfully treat Alzheimer's disease by circumventing the blood-brain barrier.

Keywords: Different methods are employed to get the medicine over the blood-brain barrier after developments in drug delivery systems.