Abstract

A PHARMACEUTICO-ANALYTICAL EVALUATION OF DRAKSHARISHTA AND ITS MODIFIED ARKA WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON ALCOHOL PERCENTAGE

*Dr. Anil G Ukkunda, Dr. Nayana S. Pai

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Abstract

Bhaishajya Kalpana is a vital branch of Ayurveda that primarily deals with various pharmaceutical formulations and their therapeutic applications. Among these, Sandhana Kalpana (fermented preparations) holds significant importance due to its extended shelf life, enhanced absorption and improved efficacy. Arishta is a classical self-generated alcoholic preparation obtained through the natural fermentation of herbal decoctions. One such formulation Draksharishta, is one among the renowned polyherbal formulation traditionally prescribed for digestive impairments, respiratory disorders and general debility. The Pancha Vidha Kashaya Kalpana serves as the foundation for Ayurvedic pharmaceutical preparations. According to Ravana Arka Prakasha, the Panchavidha Kashaya Kalpana includes five primary forms of preparations: Kalka (paste), Churna (powder), Rasa (juice), Taila (medicated oil), and Arka (distillate).[2] Arka Kalpana refers to the process of extracting volatile oils and active principles through distillation. Arka preparations are more concentrated and potent compared to Arishta, as the distillation process removes excess water and enhances the bioavailability of active constituents. Moreover, the distillation technique reduces the risk of microbial contamination, ensuring greater purity and stability of the final product. Hence to assess comparative efficacy based on analytical parameters, Draksharishta has been reformulated into an Arka preparation.

Keywords: Draksharishta, Arka, Distillation, Sandhana Kalpana, Alcohol percentage.