Abstract

A REVIEW ON PHYTOCHEMICAL AND THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF TECTONA GRANDIS

M. Mumtaj Begum*, M. L. Indhumathi, Dr. B. Prem Kumar, E. Jegadeeswaran, B. Swathi Sree, B. Asfauk Ahamed, K. Veeramani, Afeefu Rahman M.

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Abstract

Tectona grandis L.f. (teak) is a widely distributed tropical hardwood species traditionally valued not only for its timber but also for its diverse medicinal properties. Various parts of the plant—including leaves, bark, roots, and seeds—have long been employed in Ayurveda and folk medicine to treat ailments such as skin disorders, wounds, inflammation, diarrhea, diabetes, and microbial infections. Phytochemical investigations reveal that T. grandis is rich in bioactive constituents, including flavonoids, tannins, quinones, phenolic acids, glycosides, and terpenoids, which collectively contribute to its broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. Experimental studies have highlighted its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, and wound-healing effects, underscoring its therapeutic potential. Despite extensive ethnomedicinal use and promising preclinical findings, challenges remain regarding the standardization of extracts, elucidation of mechanisms of action, and comprehensive toxicological evaluation. This review consolidates current knowledge on the phytochemical composition and therapeutic applications of Tectona grandis, emphasizing its potential role as a source of novel natural agents for drug development. Further in vivo and clinical studies are warranted to validate efficacy, ensure safety, and translate traditional knowledge into evidence-based modern medicine.

Keywords: Phytochemicals, Medicinal properties, Traditional medicine, Pharmacological Activity.