Abstract

COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON GREEN (SUSTAINABLE) EXTRACTION TECHNIQUES AND THERAPEUTIC OVERVIEW OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM MYRICA ESCULENTA (KAPHAL)

Suprabha Nishad, Kalpana, Pratima Katiyar*

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Abstract

The rising interest in green and sustainable methods during the separation of active phytochemical have contributed to the progress of eco-friendly innovation extraction method that minimize environmental impact while enhancing the efficiency of the process. This comprehensive review explores various green extraction techniques, including microwave-energy extraction, biocatalyst aided extraction, sonication based extraction, mechanical cold pressing, supercritical fluid based separation and high pressure liquid extraction for the isolation of phytochemical from Myrica esculenta (Kaphal), a medicinal plant known for its rich therapeutic potential. These advanced methods, when combined with safe solvents for example GRAS (generally recognized as safe) solvents or natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES), offer several benefits over traditional approaches, including minimized solvent use, lower energy consumption and improved selectivity for target compounds. The review further highlights the therapeutic properties of bioactive compounds derived from M. esculenta, including antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antipsychotic, antidiabetic, anthelminthic, hypotensive, anti-cancer and hepatoprotective activities, demonstrating the plant’s promising role across the pharma and nutraceutical field. By focusing on sustainable and efficient extraction strategies over conventional extraction procedures challenges are currently overcome. All relevant information related to Myrica esculenta including phytochemistry, green extraction method and therapeutic potential provides valuable insights into the future of green chemistry in natural product research and its potential to enhance both human health and environmental sustainability. This information is acquired by searching Scopus, google scholor, pubmed and web science for English language papers.

Keywords: Himalayan bayberry, Phytoconstituents, Medicinal plant, traditional use, Green extraction, extraction technique, ethanopharmacology and sustainable Utilization.