Abstract

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE-DRIVEN NANOPARTICLES STRATEGIES FOR EFFICIENT CRISPR- CAS9 DELIVERY: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Shaik Shireen*, B. Jayakeerthana, S. Akshayab, M. Shivani, A. Srujana, G. Ramya Sree

Abstract

The CRISPR-Cas9 method has revolutionized genome editing due to its precision, applicability in a variety of organisms, and programmability. However, the safe and efficient delivery of the CRISPR-Cas9 components remains a major challenge in clinical translation. Delivery methods based on nanoparticles that offer controlled release, cellular targeting, and biocompatibility have been made feasible by recent advancements in nanotechnology. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in this area presents a revolutionary opportunity to predict the efficacy of distribution, optimize the design of nanoparticles, and personalize gene editing. This review explores the potential for combining AI and nanotechnology to enhance CRISPR-Cas9 delivery methods. The accuracy and safety of editing are greatly increased by AI models, which also help predict off-target effects, optimize guide RNA design, and simulate cellular uptake and biodistribution patterns. A variety of nanoparticle types are examined in relation to their AI-optimized performance in CRISPRCas9 delivery, including lipid-based, polymeric, gold, and mesoporous silica nanoparticles. This review article also covers current in silico and experimental research that show improved genome editing results using AI-guided delivery methods. The combination of AI with nanomedicine presents a viable path forward for next-generation gene therapies, despite persistent obstacles like immunogenicity, endosomal escape, and real-time tracking. Views on ethical ramifications, regulatory issues, and potential paths forward for incorporating AI-driven CRISPR delivery into precision medicine are included in the article's conclusion.

Keywords: CRISPR, Nanoparticles, Gene Editing, AI, Modern technology, Drug delivery.