Abstract

HISTORICAL APPROACH OF DRUG DISCOVERY IN AYURVEDA

Karthikeyan S., Monishkumar V., Priyadharshini M., Santhosh C., Priyanka M.*, Manivanan R.

Abstract

Ayurveda, the ancient Indian system of medicine, stands as one of the most comprehensive and enduring frameworks of medical science in human history. Deeply rooted in the philosophical and spiritual traditions of the Vedic era, Ayurveda has evolved through centuries of observation, reflection, and practice. This manuscript presents a systematic review of the historical development of drug discovery within Ayurveda, exploring its philosophical, religious, and linguistic underpinnings. It highlights the contributions of key figures such as Charaka, Sushruta, and Vagbhata, alongside the intellectual influences of both Vedic and Buddhist thought. The discussion also examines the foundational theories of Sankhya, Vaisheshika, and Tridosha that form the basis of Ayurvedic medicine, as well as its approaches to diagnosis, treatment, and lifestyle. Through a historical and philosophical lens, this study reaffirms Ayurveda’s continuing relevance to contemporary health sciences and its enduring contribution to holistic medical understanding.

Keywords: Ayurveda, drug discovery, Charaka Samhita, Vedic literature, Sankhya philosophy, Tridosha theory, Panchakarma, Ayurvedic lifestyle.