Abstract

PHYTOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND ASSESSMENT OF HYPOGLYCEMIC ACTIVITY OF HERBAL PLANT EXTRACT IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

Shubham Singh*, Mr. Rahim khan, Dr. Ravi Prakash, Mr. Ankit Mehra

Abstract

The present study evaluated the phytochemical profile, safety, and anti-diabetic potential of Martynia annua seed extract. The extract was prepared using successive Soxhlet extraction with petroleum ether and methanol, with the methanol extract exhibiting a richer phytochemical composition, including alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, saponins, and phenolic compounds. Quantitative analysis revealed high total phenolic (86.2 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid content (73.5 mg RE/g), indicating strong antioxidant potential. Acute oral toxicity studies in Wistar rats demonstrated the extract’s safety at doses up to 2000 mg/kg, with no observed mortality or adverse effects. The anti-diabetic activity was assessed in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats over 14 days. Treatment with Martynia annua extract, particularly at 400 mg/kg, significantly reduced blood glucose levels, stabilized body weight, and improved lipid profiles by lowering total cholesterol, triglycerides, VLDL, and LDL-C while increasing HDL-C. These findings suggest that Martynia annua seed extract possesses potent antidiabetic and cardioprotective properties, supporting its potential therapeutic application in the management of diabetes and associated metabolic complications.

Keywords: Martynia annua, anti-diabetic, streptozotocin, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, oxidative stress.