Abstract

ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES FOR CANNABINOIDS IN CANNABIS AND ITS PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS: A REVIEW

Arham Wakeel, Talha Dilber, Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman, Muhammad Zaheer^*, Quratulain Syed, Syed Hussain Imam Abidi

Abstract

Cannabis is a multifaceted plant with several bioactive phtyocannabinoids that have both medicinal and intoxicating qualities. Forensic analysis, medicinal research, production quality control, legal compliance, and other uses all depend on the analytical characterisation of cannabis and its derivatives. An impression of the many analytical methods used to analyze cannabis is given in this abstract. The methods covered include both qualitative and quantitative approaches. These include spectroscopic approaches like mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, which are used for compound identification and structural elucidation, and chromatographic approaches like gas chromatography (GC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), which are frequently used for separating and quantifying cannabinoids, terpenes, and other constituents. In summary, from research and development to regulatory compliance and customer safety, the cannabis sector is greatly aided by the wide range of analytical techniques available for cannabis examination. To comprehend the makeup, strength, and safety of cannabis plants and goods associated with them, study is essential. An impression of the methods used to analyze cannabis is given in this paper, which includes plant material as well as several derived products like oils, extracts, and edibles. Quantifying cannabinoids, terpenes, and pollutants is done by the use of mass spectrometry, spectroscopic methods, and chromatography (GC and HPLC). Cannabis analysis's regulatory issues and difficulties are also covered, with a focus on the significance of established procedures and quality control measures for accurate and trustworthy results. In the end, improvements in analytical methods help us better understand the chemistry of cannabis, supporting both its medical and recreational uses while addressing issues related to public health.

Keywords: Cannabinoids, Phytocannabinoids, Analytical Techniques, Pharmaceutical products.