Abstract

MANAGEMENT OF ARSA (HEMORRHOIDS) THROUGH THE LENS OF CARAKA SAMHITA: A COMPREHENSIVE CLINICAL REVIEW

Dr. Namrita*, Dr. Amandeep Singh, Dr. Sapna Kaushish

Abstract

Background: Ārśa (Hemorrhoids) is a prevalent ano-rectal disorder characterized by the Māṃsaprāroha (development of fleshy outgrowths) in the Guda Vali (anorectal folds). Due to its excruciating nature, chronicity, and high recurrence rate, classical Ayurveda categorizes it among the Aṣṭa Mahāgada (eight dreadful diseases). Objective: To critically analyze the etiopathogenesis and therapeutic protocols for Śuṣka (Dry) and Ārdra (Bleeding) Ārśa as delineated in the Caraka Saṃhitā. Methods: A comprehensive literature review of the Caraka Saṃhitā Cikitsā Sthāna (Chapter 14) was conducted, supplemented by contemporary clinical research to correlate traditional Ayurvedic interventions with modern biomedical sciences. Results: The Ayurvedic management of Ārśa extends beyond localized structural correction, heavily emphasizing systemic metabolic restoration—primarily Agni (digestive fire). Takra (buttermilk) therapy, acting as a natural probiotic, alongside para-surgical interventions like Kṣāra Karma (alkaline cautery), emerged as gold standards for non-invasive management. Conclusion: Ayurvedic interventions provide a holistic and sustainable cure by addressing the underlying Mandāgni (impaired digestion) while offering highly effective, minimally invasive treatments for localized pathology.

Keywords: Ārśa, Hemorrhoids, Mandāgni, Apāna Vāta, Takra Cikitsā, Kṣāra Karma, Caraka Saṃhitā.