Abstract

PHYSICOCHEMICAL STANDARDIZATION AND DESIGN OF GHEEBASE TOPICAL SYSTEM FOR DERMAL REVITALIZATION

*Madhavi S. Surve, Purva P. Thakur, Siddhi N. Pawar, Pushpak B. Gejage, Aqdas H. Khan, Dr. Shrutika D. Patil.

Abstract

Skin dehydration, hyperkeratosis, and barrier impairment present common dermatological challenges. Combining traditional cow ghee (rich in lipids and vitamins A, E, and K2) with urea (a potent humectant and keratolytic) offers a dualaction mechanism for exfoliation and barrier restoration. homemade A2 Gir cow ghee was prepared via the traditional cream-route method and compared to commercial brands (Amul and Gowardhan) using comprehensive physicochemical tests, UV-spectrophotometry, and TLC. Validated urea was then incorporated into two distinct topical systems: Shata Dhauta Ghrita (SDG) and a Water-in-Oil (W/O) emulsion, utilizing coconut oil, propylene glycol, and clove oil. Both formulations underwent rheological, stability, and bioactivity testing. While all ghee samples met standard quality benchmarks, the homemade variant demonstrated superior freshness (lowest peroxide value) and higher natural Vitamin K2 content. Among the formulations, SDG displayed superior homogeneity, Spreadability, optimal viscosity, smooth texture, and a skin-compatible pH compared to the W/O emulsion. DPPH and protein solubilization assays verified robust antioxidant and exfoliating performance for both preparations. Ghee-based topical systems, specifically the traditional SDG formulation, hold strong potential for skin barrier restoration and natural dermal revitalization.

Keywords: Shata Dhauta Ghrita, Water-in-Oil emulsion, Urea, Antioxidant activity, Topical formulation, Moisturizing activity, Keratolytic agent.